The European Union (EU) is extending negotiations to establish the world's first comprehensive artificial intelligence (AI) law. After more than 18 hours of intense negotiations between EU representatives, an agreement has been reached on one of the most sensitive points: the regulation of the fundamental models used in systems such as ChatGPT. This agreement, details of which will be released later today, is part of an effort to address the challenges and technological evolution posed by AI.
While negotiations continue, significant progress has been made. One of the sticking points is the regulation of real-time biometric surveillance in public spaces using technologies such as facial recognition. The European Parliament has set strict limits to prevent intrusive and discriminatory use of AI, especially in real-time biometric systems or in public places, for security reasons. However, states are seeking to expand the exceptions, which has raised concerns about possible abuses.
Despite the difficulties, there is cautious optimism that a middle ground can be found between the positions of the European Parliament and the states. Until a final agreement is reached, the ban on predictive policing, biometric surveillance in public places and emotion recognition systems in work and educational environments will remain in place. MEPs insist on the need to protect fundamental rights and reject an extensive list of exceptions proposed by governments.
Internal Market Commissioner Thierry Breton and other participants highlighted the active and lengthy nature of the negotiations, describing them as an "ultra-marathon". Despite the challenges, a key hurdle related to the regulation of core models, particularly the most powerful ones, has been overcome. The dispute centered on how to ensure that developers comply with mandatory obligations without hindering innovation and competitiveness in the sector.
Ultimately, the EU is seeking a balance between effectively regulating AI and encouraging innovation, considering the potential impact on citizens' fundamental rights. The resulting law is expected to enter into force by the end of 2026, once ratified by the EU Council and the European Parliament.
